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 Mining Info > Mining Situation > Domestic |
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 Energy |
| The state of energy consumption in Korea is closely related to the change in the country's economic structure. Since the 1960s when the agrarian society is shifted to an industrial one in pursuit of industrialization, energy consumption rapidly increased. In particular, consumption in industrial areas has increased by a wide margin. In 1999, total energy consumption increased 6.6 times from 1975, |
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| < Trend of Energy Consumption > |
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| 1975=100 |
1975 |
1980 |
1985 |
1990 |
1995 |
1998 |
1999 |
|
| Energy Consumption |
100 |
159 |
204 |
338 |
545 |
601 |
658 |
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| - Industrial Sector |
100 |
182 |
222 |
400 |
697 |
843 |
885 |
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Noting the trends in consumption increase rate since the 1980s, the initial part of the 1980s witnessed a low increase rate in energy consumption (the average annual increase rate from 1980 to 1985 was 5.1%) alongside the enforcement of the petroleum-free policy due to the second oil shock. Since the latter part of the 1980s, however, energy pricing policy has become consumer-oriented, and facility investments in the petro-chemical industry has substantially increased. As a result, the energy consumption increase rate has rapidly increased as well. The annual average energy consumption registered an increase rate of 10.1% from 1985 to 1990.
Energy consumption, which registered a high increase rate, experienced a drastic fall to minus 8.1% when the economy recorded negative growth rate due to the impact of the Foreign Exchange Crisis in 1998. With the economy showing signs of recovery in 1999, energy consumption substantially increased and recorded a 9.3% energy consumption growth rate. A stabilized growth rate of 6.4% was recorded in 2000 and 5.0% in 2002. Thus, the pattern of energy consumption falling below the economic growth rate has been maintained three years in a row.
Recently, such consumption patterns have shown further improvement in the energy macro index because of the wide use of energy-efficient equipment and the rise in energy-saving consciousness. |
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 Trend of Energy Consumption Increase & Economy Growth Ratio |
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`80~
85` |
`80~
85` |
`80~
85` |
`80~
85` |
`80~
85` |
`80~
85` |
`80~
85` |
`80~
85` |
`80~
85` |
`80~
85` |
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Primary Energy
Consumption Increase
Ratio |
5.1 |
10.6 |
10.1 |
7.5 |
5.9 |
8.1 |
9.3 |
6.4 |
2.9 |
5.0 |
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| Economy Growth Ratio |
8.1 |
10.0 |
7.5 |
6.1 |
5.0 |
6.7 |
10.9 |
8.8 |
3.0 |
6.2 |
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Major Index of Energy |
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Unit |
1990 |
1995 |
1997 |
1998 |
1999 |
2000 |
2001 |
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| Primary Energy Consumption |
1000 TOE
(%) |
93,192
(14.1) |
93,192
(14.1) |
150,437
(9.6) |
165,932
(-8.1) |
181,363
(9.3) |
192,888
(6.4) |
198,409
(2.9) |
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| Economy Growth Ratio |
1000 TOE
(%) |
75.031
(14.0) |
121,849
(8.6) |
145,773
(5.1) |
132,128
(-9.4) |
143,059
(8.3) |
149,849
(4.7) |
152,948
(2.1) |
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Energy
Consumption per
capita |
TOE/capita,
year |
2.17 |
3.34 |
3.93 |
3.57 |
3.89 |
4.10 |
4.18 |
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Electricity
Consumption per
capita |
KWH/
capita |
2,202 |
3,640 |
4,369 |
4,180 |
4,596 |
5,096 |
5,443 |
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Energy Overseas
Dependence |
% |
87.9 |
96.8 |
97.6 |
97.1 |
97.3 |
97.4 |
97.3 |
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| Energy Import |
Mil.$ (%) |
10,926
(45.1) |
18,646
(22.1) |
18,139
(-33.1) |
22,674
(25.0) |
37,584
(65.8) |
37,584 (65.8) |
33,641
(-10.5) |
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| Primary Energy Consumption Ratio by Source |
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Unit |
1998 |
1999 |
2000 |
2001 |
Retio(%) |
| Amount |
Amount |
Amount |
Amount |
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| Petroleum |
Mil. Bbl |
670.3 |
719.7 |
742.6 |
743.7 |
50.6 |
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| L N G |
Mil. tons |
10.6 |
13.0 |
14.6 |
16.0 |
10.5 |
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| Anthracite |
Mil. tons |
4.6 |
5.0 |
6.2 |
7.1 |
1.9 |
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| Bituminous Coal |
Mil. tons |
51.23 |
54.1 |
60.3 |
63.7 |
21.2 |
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| Nuclear |
Twh |
89.7 |
103.1 |
109.0 |
112.1 |
14.1 |
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| Hydroelectricity |
Twh |
6.1 |
6.1 |
5.6 |
4.1 |
0.5 |
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| Others |
Mil.TOE |
1.5 |
1.8 |
2.1 |
2.5 |
1.2 |
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| Total |
Mil.TOE |
165.9 |
181.4 |
192.9 |
198.4 |
100.0 |
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| As for sources of energy, coal and firewood were major energy sources in the 1960s. With the promotion of the heavy chemical industry in the 1970s, petroleum use rapidly rose and it become the main energy source. After the 1980s when personal income rose and the general public preferred "high-class" energy such as convenient and clean electricity and gas, nuclear energy and LNG's popularity gradually increased while the weight of Anthracite substantially decreased (from 43.0% in 1965 to 1.9% in 2001). Given such circumstances, the energy's rate of dependence on imports was on the rise until it reached 97.3% in 2001. |
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